A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programe on Knowledge regarding prevention of Lung Cancer among Industrial Workers in selected Industry of Mehsana District

 

Mr. Kaushal Patidar¹, MS. Ankita Chaudhari²

¹HOD of Medical Surgical Department, Joitiba College of Nursing, Bhandu, Dist: Mehsana

²2^nd Year M.sc Nursing Student, Joitiba College of Nursing, Bhandu, Dist: Mehsana

 

ABSTRACT:

INTRODUCTION: Lung cancer is disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the Lung. If left untreated, this growth can spread beyond the Lung in a process called metastasis into nearby tissues and eventually, into other parts the body. Most cancer that starts in lung known as primary lung cancers, are carcinomas that drive from epithelium cells. The most common causes of lung cancer is long term exposure to silica, abestastosis, tobacco smoke, nonsmokers accounting for 15% of lung cancer causes and these are often attributed to a combination of genetic factors, radon gas, asbestos, air pollution, and positive smoke. Worldwide in 2012, Lung Cancer occurred in 1.8 million people and resulted in1.6 million Deaths.  The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Planned teaching programme on Prevention of Lung cancer among Industrial worker. DESIGN: A quantitative approach using pre experimental pre-test post-test design with one group. PARTICIPANTS: 100 Industrial worker were selected using Non-Probability Convenient sampling technique in Mehsana District. INTERVENTIONS: Planned teaching was given to the Industrial worker. TOOL: Self Structured Questionnaire was used to assess the level of Knowledge regarding prevention of Lung cancer among Industrial worker  RESULTS:  In  this study overall the highest percentage in the demographic data including the Age group 36% (28-37y), Gender 100% (Male), Religion 100% (Hindu), Marital status 71% (Married), Education 46% (Higher Secondary), Area of residence 64 % (Rural) Types of Industries 50% (cotton &construction), Duration of working in Industry  0-05 year (46%), and Monthly income 59% (5001-10,000). The post- test mean score (15.97 ±1.44) and was higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score (10.11 ±1.55). The calculated “T” value 27.71) was greater than the table value (1.98) at 0.05 level of significance. The Planned teaching was effective in increasing the Knowledge regarding Prevention of lung cancer among industrial worker. Chi-square test to associate the level of knowledge and selected demographic variable. CONCLUSION: The findings of the study indicate that Planned teaching programme is effective in increase knowledge regarding prevention of lung cancer among Industrial worker.

 

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

“The secreat of Health for both mind and body is not to mourn for the past, not to worry about the future or not to anticipate troubles, but to live the present moment and wisely”.

                                                                              -Buddha

Every human being is born with the responsibility to protect one’s own Health. This responsibility cannot be carried quit one is ignorant curtailing the ignorance of the fellow human beings in the field of the health is the moral obligation of each health professional. This is possible only by educating the public. Cancer is to a large extent avoidable. Many cancers can be prevented. Others can be detected early in their development, treated and cured. Even with late stage cancer, the pain can be reduced, the progression of the cancer slowed, and patients and their families helped to cope.¹

 

Lung cancer is disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the Lung. If left untreated, this growth can spread beyond the Lung in a process called metastasis into nearby tissues and eventually, into other parts the body. Most cancer that starts in lung known as primary lung cancers, are carcinomas that drive from epithelium cells. The most common causes of lung cancer is long term exposure to silica, abestastosis, tobacco smoke, nonsmokers accounting for 15% of lung cancer causes and these are often attributed to a combination of genetic factors, radon gas, asbestos, air pollution, and positive smoke.²

 

Cancer is a group of disease involving abnormal cell growth with potential to invade or spread to other part of the body. Not all tumors are cancerous, benign tumors do not spread to other part of the body. Possible signs and symptoms include a lump, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, unexplained weight loss and change in bowel movements. While these symptoms may indicate cancers, they may have other causes. Over 100 types of cancer affects human. Cancer is leading causes of death worldwide accounting for 8.8million deaths in 2015. The most common causes of cancer deaths are cancer of lung (1.69million deaths), Liver (788000deaths), colorectal cancer (774000deaths), stomach (754000) and breast (571000deaths). Lung cancer are the fourth most common cancer in Indian males. It accounts for 6.8% of all malignancies in India.³

 

NEED OF THE STUDY:

“Prevention is Key - Stop Cancer Before it Starts‎ ”:

Worldwide in 2012, Lung Cancer occurred in 1.8 million people and resulted in 1.6 million Deaths. This makes it the most common cause of cancer related death in men and second most common in women after breast cancer. (World Cancer Report 2014) Lung cancers are the fourth most common cancer reported in the Indian males. It accounts for 6.8% of all malignancies in India. The incidence is estimated to be about 6.6 per 100,000 in females. In India, Lung Cancer constitutes 6.9 percent of all new cancer cases and 9.3 percent of all cancer related deaths in both sexes, it is the commonest cancer and cause of cancer related mortality in men, with the highest reported incidences from Mizoram in both male and females (Age adjusted rate 28.3 and 28.7 per  100000 population in males and females respectively). (Indian Council of Medical Research 2013)^.4

 

In 2012 an estimated 14.1 million new cases estimated worldwide. In Gujarat 25,387 cancer deaths and 57,699 deaths in 2015. In India Lung cancer was 70,275 in all ages and both sexes. There were 53,728 new lung cancer cases among Indian males. 1.8 million New cases estimated in 2016 in India. There are approximately 2millions worker exposed to silica in US. In India out of 123 cases 85 were conformed as silicosis. According to the studies carried by National Institute of Occupational Health the prevalence of some of the Textile Mills (30 %, Textile Mills 38%, Mills 48.8%; Asbestosis- Asbestos mine & mill 11%, Asbestos Textile workers 9%, Asbestos cement 3–5%. Studies have estimated an annual incidence of Lung cancer between 924,700 and 1,902,300 and 121,000 deaths in India.  The textile sector dominated with a share of 74.9% of cases. The total death toll in 2005 from tobacco use was estimated at 5.4 million people (Mathers & Loncar, 2006), including about 1.5 million cancer deaths. If present usage patterns continue, the overall number of tobacco-related deaths is projected to rise to about 6.4 million in 2015, including 2.1 million cancer deaths. In 2030, the projected overall death toll will amount to 8.3 million. In low- and middle-income countries, tobacco attributable deaths have been projected to double between 2002 and 2030.¹

 

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

“A study to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programe on knowledge regarding prevention of lung cancer among industrial workers in selected industry of Mehsana District”.

 

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

·       To assess the knowledge regarding prevention of lung Cancer among the industrial workers at selected industry in Mehsana District.

·       To evaluate the effectiveness of Planned teaching programme On Prevention Of lung cancer among Industrial workers.

·       To find the association between the knowledge Regarding Prevention of Lung cancer with their selected demographic variables.

 

HYPOTHESIS:

H0:  There will be no significant difference between pretest and post test knowledge scores regarding prevention of lung Cancer at 0.05level of significance.

H1:  There will be a significant difference between pretest and post test knowledge scores on prevention of lung Cancer at 0.05level of significance.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

Quasi experimental one group Pretest / Post test research design and Quantitative Approach. Effectiveness of Planned teaching program knowledge regarding Prevention of Lung cancer among Industrial worker in selected Industry of Mehsana district. The data were collected from 100 industrial workers. “Non-Probability Convenient” sampling technique were used. A structured questionnaire was selected to assess the knowledge regarding prevention of Lung cancer disease.

 

RESULTS:

Demographic data was analyzed using frequency and percentage. Frequencies, percentage, mean, mean percentage and standard deviation was used to determine the knowledge score. The ‘t’ value was computed to show the effectiveness of teaching programme and chi-square test was done to determine the association between the pretest knowledge of Industrial worker with selected demographic variables.

 

Finding related to demographic data:

In  this study overall the highest percentage in the demographic data including the Age group 36% (28-37y), Gender 100% (Male), Religion 100% (Hindu), Marital status 71% (Married), Education 46% (Higher Secondary), Area of residence 64 % (Rural) Types of Industries 50% (cotton &construction),Duration of working in Industry  0-05 year (46%), and Monthly income 59% (5001-10,000).

 

Finding related to pre and post knowledge score:

Level of Knowledge	Pre-test		Post-test
	Frequency	Percent (%)	Frequency	Percent (%)
Poor (0-8)	15	15	00	00
Average (9-16)	85	85	66	66
Good (17-25)	00	00	34	34
Total	100	100	100	100

 

Pre-test, only 15 (15%) of workers had Poor level (0-8 score) of knowledge on prevention of Lung cancer, 85 (85%) of workers had average (9-16 score) level of knowledge on prevention of Lung cancer and no one had good knowledge (17-25) on prevention of Lung cancer.

 

During Post-test, No one of workers had Poor level (0-8 score) of knowledge on prevention of Lung cancer, 66(66%) of workers had average (9-16 score) level of knowledge on prevention of Lung cancer and 34(34%) had good knowledge (17-25) on prevention of Lung cancer.

 

It was inferred from the above table that the Planned  teaching programme was effective in improving knowledge on Prevention of lung cancer among industrial worker.

 

Finding related to effectiveness of structured teaching programme:

Distribution of subject on paired ‘t’ test between pretest and posttest knowledge score regarding Prevention of lung cancer among Industrial worker.

 

Parameter	Mean	Standard Deviation	‘t’ value
Pre-test	10.11	1.44	t=27.21* d.f.=99
Post-test	15.97	1.55

 

Finding related to association between pretest knowledge score of Industrial worker with selected demographic variables:

Table show that the association between the Pre test level of Knowledge and socio demographic Variable. Based on the Third objectives used to chi –square  test to associate the level of knowledge of prevention of lung cancer and selected demographic variable. The chi square value show that there is No significant in Marital status. The calculated Chi-square was less than the table value at the 0.05 level of significance.

 

CONCLUSION:

The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Prevention of Lung cancer. The study was conducted by using Pre experimental one group pre-test post-test research design. Mehsana district was selected for conducting the study. The sample size was 100 Industrial worker using non probability convenient sampling method.

 

REFERENCE:

1.      Habibullah N Saiyed, Rajnarayan R Tiwari. Review Article, Occupational Health Research in India Industrial Health. 2004[cited on 2011 Nov 28]; 42: 141–148. Available from URL: http://www.jniosh.go.jp/en/indu_hel/pdf/42-2-7.pdf.

2.      Suzanna C Smeltzer, Brenda Bare. Text book of medical surgical nursing .10^thed. published by Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. 2004; 554.

3.      E. Neil Shachter. Respiratory effects and other disease patterns in the textile industry (serial online).  Feb [cited on 2011 Nov 28]; Available from URL:http://www.ilo.org/safework_bookshelf/english?content&nd=857171066Meaning of Eco-health. Available from URL:http:// www.ecohealth101.org.

4.      Chatti S, Maoua M, Rhif H, Dahmoul M, Abbassi A, Mlaouah AJ, et al. Occupational asthma in the Tunisian central region: etiologies and professional status. Rev Pneumol Clin (serial online).  2011 Oct [cited on 2011 Nov 28]; 67(5):281-8. Epub 2010 Dec 3. Available from URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ 22017947.

 

 

 

Received on 11.05.2019         Modified on 31.05.2019

Accepted on 23.06.2019      ©A&V Publications All right reserved